Kopo ya Differential Oscillators ka High - Lebelo FPGAs
Di-oscillator tša phapano di na le dikgopelo tše bohlokwa kudu ka go meralo ya FPGA ya lebelo le legolo, kudukudu ka ditshepedišong tšeo di nago le dinyakwa tše di phagamego tša go nepagala ga tšhupamabaka, bokgoni bja go lwantšha - tšhitišo, le botshepegi bja leswao, go swana le:
High -lebelo serial segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo (PCIe, SFP + / QSFP, 10G Ethernet, DDR4 / DDR5)
Ditshepedišo tša go hwetša datha tša dikanale tše dintši
Ditshepedišo tša kgokagano tša lebelo le legolo - (SerDes) .
Dithulaganyo tša go nyalantšha ka nepo (go setempe nako, go otlela ka ADC/DAC) .
Differential Oscillator ke eng?
Differential Oscillator ke oscillator ya kristale ye e šomago yeo e ntšhago matshwao a phapano (go swana le LVDS, LVPECL, HCSL), e tšweletša matshwao a mabedi a tšhupamabaka (CLK + le CLK−) ao a fetotšwego go e nngwe le e nngwe. E fapana le setso e le 'ngoe - qetellong oscillators (mohlala, CMOS - dipholo tsa Oscillators).
Mehola ya Matshwao a Phapano:
|
Sebopego |
Letshwao la Phapano |
Single-Letshwao le Fedilego |
|
Bokgoni bja go lwantšha -tšhitišo |
Matla (tlwaelegilego - mokgwa wa lešata phumola) . |
Fokola |
|
Botshepegi bja Letshwao |
Matshwao a mabotse, a bonolo go a fetišetša a lebelo le legolo - |
Diila |
|
Bokgoni bja go Kganna |
Godimo, e loketše phetišetšo ya lebelo le letelele-sekgala/lebelo le legolo- |
Fase |
|
Tiragatšo ya Jitter |
Fasana |
E phagame ka tekanyo e itšego |
Kopo ya Differential Oscillators ka High - Lebelo FPGAs
Go šoma bjalo ka Sešupanako sa Tšhupetšo sa Dikgokagano tša Lebelo la Godimo-
Didirišwa tša go dirišana tša lebelo le legolo go swana le PCIe, 10G/25G Ethernet, le SATA di swanetše go šomiša dišupanako tša tšhupetšo tša phapano;
Di-oscillator tša phapano tša 100 MHz goba 156.25 MHz (mohlala, ditšweletšwa tša HCSL/LVDS) di šomišwa ka tlwaelo;
Dimmojule tša transceiver tša lebelo le legolo (Ditransceiver) tša go swana le GTX/GTH/GTP ka gare ga di-FPGA di nyaka dišupanako tše tša tšhupetšo ya phapano.
✅ Kgokagano ye e Tlwaelegilego: .
Differential Oscillator → FPGA GTREFCLK0 / 1 (phahameng - lebelo transceiver tshupiso oache diphini)
Mothopo wa Sešupanako sa Motheo wa Sehlare sa Sešupanako
Ka dithulaganyo tša lebelo le legolo -kanale, oscillator ya phapano e otlela chip ya kabo ya tšhupamabaka (mohlala, SI5341/AD9528), yeo ka morago e ntšhago dišupanako tše ntši tše di nyalantšhago;
E loketše go logaganya tšhupamabaka ka kgokaganong ya multi-ADC, DAC, le FPGA.
✅ Seswantšho sa Sebopego: .
Oscillator ya Phapang → Chip ya Taolo ya Sešupanako (mohlala, PLL / Fanout Buffer)
↓
Dišupanako tše ntši tše di Nyalagantšwego → FPGA/ADC/DAC
Kganna FPGA Ka hare PLL / MMCM
Differential oscillators ka fana ka phahameng - boleng oache inputs (mohlala, kena FPGA ka IBUFDS segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo), 'me ka hare PLL / MMCM ka nako eo outputs lihora tse bakeng sa mong le e mong tsamaiso modula; se se kaonafatša boleng bja tšhupamabaka le go fokotša go šikinyega ga tšhupamabaka ya tshepedišo ka kakaretšo.
Mehuta ya Ditšweletšwa tša Diphapano tše di Tlwaelegilego le Go Sepelelana ga FPGA
|
Mohuta wa Ditšweletšwa |
Tirišo ye e Tlwaelegilego |
FPGA Segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo Tshebedisano |
|
LVDS ya |
General phapang oscillator dipholo tsa mofuta |
E thekgwa ke di-FPGA ka moka tše di tlwaelegilego (GTX/GTH input) . |
|
HCSL ya |
E sebediswa ka PCIe, seva motherboards |
E thekgwa ka go lebanya (mohlala, Xilinx PCIe IP konokono) . |
|
LVPECL ya go swana le |
Ditirišo tša go šikinyega tša maqhubu a godimo - |
Hloka kantle phediso tshwanelo le leeme resistors |
|
CML |
Ultra-high-speed links (>10 Gbps) . |
E thekgwa ke di-transceiver tša FPGA tša mafelelo a godimo - |
✔ Ho kgothaletswa ho sebelisa matched phapang dipholo tsa mofuta e le kgothaletswa ke FPGA moetsi.
Ditšhišinyo tša Kgetho ya Differential Oscillator
|
Paramethara ya |
Boleng bjo bo Kgothaleditšwego |
|
Botsitso bja Maqhubu |
± 25 ppm goba kaone |
|
Mohato Jitter (12kHz-20MHz) . |
< 1ps RMS (required for high-speed interfaces) |
|
Mohuta wa Ditšweletšwa |
LVDS / HCSL e kgethilwego, go ya ka go sepelelana ga FPGA |
|
Bokgoni bja Morwalo |
Bokgoni bja go otlela Bogolo go feta goba bjo bo lekanago le 15pF goba bjo bo swanago le chip ya tšhupamabaka |
|
Mokgwa wa Thempheretšha |
Mophato wa intasteri (-40 tekanyo ~ +85 tekanyo ) goba ka bophara |
Etiša pele protocol-maqhubu a kgothaleditšwego:
PCIe: 100 MHz ya;
SFP + / 10G Ethernet: 156,25 MHz;
25G / 40G Ethernet: 312,5 MHz;
JESD204B / C: 250 MHz, 312,5 MHz, 625 MHz, joalo-joalo.
Lebelela legoro la tšhupamabaka leo le kgothaletšwago ka go ditokomane tša semmušo tša FPGA;
Jitter e tlase e bohlokwa:
RMS jitter <0.5 ps (e hlokahalang bakeng sa phahameng - segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo;
Bohlokwa kudu bakeng sa PCIe, JESD204C, le 10G/25G Ethernet.
✅ Maqhubu a Tlwaelehileng a Differential Oscillators ka High - Lebelo FPGAs
|
Maqhubu (MHz) . |
Boemo bja Tirišo |
Ditshwayotshwayo |
|
100 |
PCIe Gen1 / Gen2 ya; General phahameng -lebelo logic dithulaganyo |
Tlwaelegile kudu, e thekga HCSL / LVDS |
|
125 |
Ethernet ya Gigabit |
Loketseng bakeng sa segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo joaloka GMII, SGMII |
|
156.25 |
10G Ethernet (10GBASE - R / XAUI), SFP +, QSFP, segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo CEI, joalo-joalo. |
Standard maqhubu bakeng sa phahameng - lebelo serial puisano |
|
200 |
DDR4 oache, multi - sekhahla transceiver tshupiso maqhubu a |
Gantši e šomišwa bakeng sa go atiša maqhubu go tšweletša dišupanako tše di phagamego |
|
212.5 |
JESD204B / C ya data phetolo dikgokelo |
Standard maqhubu bakeng sa phahameng - maqhubu a fumana kgokagano segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo |
|
250 |
Ditshepedišo tša ADC/DAC tša lebelo le legolo -, ditshepedišo tše dingwe tša JESD204C |
Dinyakwa tša jitter tše thata |
|
312.5 |
25G Ethernet (25GBASE-R), dithulaganyo tša kgokagano ya optical tša lebelo le legolo |
Ditšweletšwa tša phapano gantši ke CML/LVPECL |
|
322.265625 |
CPRI (6.144 Gbps) tshupiso oache |
Sebediswa ka kgokagano motheo seteishene FPGAs |
|
644.53125 |
CPRI (12.288 Gbps), JESD204C dikgokelo tša lebelo le legolo - |
Ultra-lebelo le phahameng - segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo, hloka ultra- tlaase jitter oscillators |
|
Ba bangwe (modiriši - ba hlalošitšwe) . |
Tsenyo ya maqhubu a itšego go PLL bakeng sa go tšweletša maqhubu a nepišo |
Hloka go tiišetša thekgo ya PLL ya ntlha ya go atiša |
✔ Bakeng sa dikai itseng, ho kgothaletswa ho ikopanya le Hangjing thekiso kapa baenjiniere botekgeniki bakeng sa matched phapang dipholo tsa mofuta kgothaletso.
Kakaretšo
|
Aetheme |
Melemo ya Differential Oscillators |
|
Ka nepagalo |
Jitter e tlase, maqhubu a tsitsitseng |
|
Anti-tšhitišo |
Matla, molemo tloaelehileng - mokgwa wa lerata hatello |
|
Lebelo |
E thekga phetišetšo ya lebelo la GHz-maemo a godimo- |
|
Kgopelo |
PCIe, SFP, DDR4/5, ADC, DAC, ditshepedišo tša go nyalantšha, bj.bj. |
Differential oscillators ke hoo e ka bang karolo maemo a ka mehleng ea kajeno phahameng - lebelo FPGA dithulaganyo le ke disebediswa senotlolo netefatsa phahameng - lebelo puisano le synchronization tshebetso ya tsamaiso.
Ge e ba o na le mohlala o itšego wa FPGA (bjalo ka Xilinx Zynq Ultrascale +, Intel Stratix 10), mohlala wa oscillator ya phapano, goba tlhokego ya segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo sa kgokagano (bjalo ka PCIe Gen3/SFP +), Suzhou Hangjing e ka go thuša go kgothaletša sekema sa peakanyo ya tšhupamabaka ye e loketšego kudu le tlhamo ya kgokagano ya sekema.